General Force Measurement
Deformation Testing

Deformation testing evaluates the effect that load has on the shape of a sample.  It is the measurement of a sample material to withstand a permanent deformation and/or the ability of the sample to return to its original shape after deforming.  Deformation is measured as the percent change in height of a sample, under a specified load, for a specified period of time.   A spring test is a type of deformation test where a spring is compressed to an L₁ and L₂ height and the load measurement is taken at each point and compared to a specified load.  Spring rate can be determined. 

Common industry standards for determining deformation are:
- ASTM D-621

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